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Buffalo

Building the longest sentence in English using only one word.

“Buffalo buffalo Buffalo buffalo buffalo buffalo Buffalo buffalo.” That eight-word sentence is grammatically correct English. It exploits three meanings of buffalo:

· Buffalo — the city in upstate New York (proper noun)
· buffalo — bison-like animals, plural noun
· buffalo — to bully or intimidate, verb

Because the structure is recursive — a noun phrase “Buffalo buffalo” can be modified by a reduced relative clause that itself contains another “Buffalo buffalo” — sentences of every length n can be made grammatical. The form is sometimes credited to William J. Rapaport (1972) and was popularised by Steven Pinker. It is often cited as the longest English sentence using a single word.

Buffalo: the city (proper noun) buffalo: animal (plural noun) buffalo: to bully (verb)
8 speed
8 tokens tap a buffalo to see its role · click play to auto-grow · loop to keep extending forever